During the 1990s, computing became more personal, as the World-Wide-Web turned Internet URLs into web site names that people could read (footnote 3). In the 1980s software became more important, so by the 1990s a software company called Microsoft (footnote 2) took the computing lead, giving ordinary people tools like word-processing. In the 1970s, a hardware company called IBM (footnote 1) was a computing leader. It became operational in the 1950s and -60s with the invention of semi-conductors. ![]() The first computer was conceived of as a machine of cogs and gears (Figure 1). Anyone wishing to set up a course in the design of social technologies is welcome to use this resource 24.1 Part 1: The evolution of computingĮvolution is systems evolving higher levels. Hence each part has a set of interesting discussion questions that students can investigate and report back to the class. This chapter may be used as part of a STS design course. Hundreds of millions of people use them every day, but how do they work? More importantly, can they be designed? If socio-technical systems are social and technical, how is computing both at once? ![]() ![]() email, chat, bulletin boards, blogs, Wikipedia, E-Bay, Twitter, Facebook and YouTube. A socio-technical system (STS) is a social system operating on a technical base, e.g.
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